PAMENE ZITHUNZI ZIKUMANENA KUPOSA MAWU – MMENE KUmwetulira ANAYAMBA KUMWEtuliRA

Kulola kuti malingaliro anu azimasuka ndikunena zomwe zikuganiziridwa kapena kumva mu imelo kapena SMS sikophweka nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika zomwe wolemba sangathe kuganiza za mawu oyenerera oti afotokoze m'mawu zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa munthu wina. Mwinamwake aliyense wadzipeza kukhala mumkhalidwe umene unapezedwa kukhala wovuta kulankhula kanthu kwa munthu wina m’mawu wamba, popanda kusamvetsetsedwa kapena ngakhale kuika phazi lake mmenemo. Zikatero, zomwe zimatchedwa "emoticons" zimayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano m'madera amasiku ano. "Othandizira maganizo" ang'onoang'ono ali ndi mbiri yakale ndipo anali chabe nkhani kwa nthawi yaitali.


Masiku ano, moyo watsiku ndi tsiku sungathe kuganiza popanda zizindikiro zachikasu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu. Simungodziwa makalata apakompyuta a tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso zinthu zambiri ndi zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku. "Mthenga wachikasu wachisangalalo" amalembedwa pa chirichonse chotheka ndi chosatheka. Makina ogulitsa odziwa adatenga wamng'onoyo ndikumutengera kuzinthu zonse zamoyo: T-shirts, zikwama, ma cushion - palibe chomwe chingakane kumwetulira. Makamaka panthawi yomwe malonda akukula pa intaneti, T-shirts, makapu kapena mapilo amatha kupangidwa mosavuta kudzera pa portal iliyonse. Kuphatikiza pa kumwetulira, zithunzi kapena zolemba ndi zina mwamitundu yodziwika bwino, komanso chiyani Webusaiti ya Clipart kufotokozedwa. Ngakhale zizindikiro kapena mamapu atha kupezeka pano ngati zinthu zomwe zingathe kusindikizidwa. Nthawi zambiri, makamaka ndi kasitomala wachinyamata, mauthenga oseketsa, mawu opusa kapena ma logo oseketsa sayenera kusowa pa T-shirt kapena foni yam'manja. Mwachitsanzo, kumwetulira kwachikasu ndi mitundu yofananira imatha kukhala zokopa ngati "akazembe amalingaliro". Koma n'chiyani chikuchititsa kuti apambane?


"Emoticon" ndi neologism yochokera ku Chingerezi ndipo imakhala ndi "kutengeka" kwa "kumverera" ndi "chithunzi" cha "khalidwe". Zinthu zachizindikiro zomwe zimapangidwira kuwonetsa mkhalidwe wina wamalingaliro zimatchedwa "emoji" mwachidule.

Ubwino wa "zifaniziro" ndizodziwikiratu, kapena "nkhope" zawo:

- Kutengeka kulikonse kapena mkhalidwe wamalingaliro ukhoza kuwonetsedwa mosakayikira komanso mosakayikira popanda kufunikira kwa mawu ambiri - ngati kuyankhula kwachilankhulo kuli kofunikira pa izi.
- Zomverera zimatha kutumizidwa mu uthenga wamawu pakangotha ​​​​masekondi pang'ono ndikudina mbewa.
- Kusamveka kulikonse kwachilankhulo komanso kusamvetsetsana komwe kungachitike kumakambidwa pasadakhale.
- Tsopano pali "emoji" yoyenera pamalingaliro aliwonse amalingaliro ndi gawo lililonse la moyo.


Ma pictograms akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kalekale kuti apereke chidziwitso pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro. Monga zizindikiro, zimayimira zomwe zimatanthauzidwa mu mawonekedwe osavuta, opangidwa mwaluso omwe amalola omvera ambiri momwe angathere kuti aganizire mwachindunji zomwe akutanthauza. Misonkhano yachitukuko imatsimikizira dziko kapena chochitika chomwe "chithunzi" chiyenera kuyimirira - izi zikutanthauza kuti chizindikirocho ndi chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika m'dziko la malingaliro a wolandira:

Ubwino wa ma pictograms uli mu kuyimira kwawo kwa zinenero zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimayimira mosakayikira zomwe zikutanthawuza mothandizidwa ndi chinenero chowoneka bwino m'maganizo a munthuyo. Chilankhulo chophiphiritsa, kumbali yake, chimayendetsedwa mwachizolowezi ndi mgwirizano wamagulu. Zoyipa zimakhala pakuchepetsa kwawoko pang'onopang'ono kukuwonetsa zochitika zenizeni kapena maiko enieni, osaganiziranso zamalingaliro.


Mwachidule, njira yosinthira pictogram kukhala emoji imatha kufotokozedwa ngati equation:

Pictogram+ Emotion = Emoticon

Makolo a "pictogram ndi nkhope ya munthu" ndi wojambula malonda Harvey Ball, yemwe mu 1963 adatumizidwa ndi kampani ya inshuwalansi State Mutual Life Assurance Cos. aku America akuyenera kupanga logo yabwino kwa batani kuti alimbikitse antchito awo. Mogwirizana ndi mawu akuti "dontho - dot - comma - dash", adapanga nkhope yozungulira, yozungulira yokhala ndi maso awiri pachikaso chachikasu chomwe cholinga chake chinali kukopa chidwi cha owonera.

Mtolankhani waku France Franklin Loufrani adatenga lingalirolo zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, adalembetsa ngati patent ndipo adapeza ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito - mpaka pano. Monga wogwira ntchito ku "France-Soir", adafuna kutsutsana ndi zomwe zafala zoti nkhani zimangokhudzana ndi zochitika zoyipa ndipo adatengera nkhope ya Ball yomwetulira ngati chizindikiritso cha nkhani zabwino zamanyuzipepala. Pambuyo popeza ufulu, nkhope yosekerera yoyamba idasindikizidwa pa Januware 01, 1972 ndipo idawonetsa "O" m'dzina la nyuzipepala - kupambana kwathunthu. Omwe ali ndi ziphaso zoyamba monga Agfa, Levi's ndi M&Ms adagula kampani yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kumene ya Loufrani "Smiley Licensing Corporation" ndikupangitsa mwini wake kukhala mabiliyoni ambiri.


Ngakhale kumwetulira koyambirira kudafalikira padziko lonse lapansi m'ma 70 ndi koyambirira kwa 80s, funso lidabuka m'magulu odziwika bwino kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yamagetsi kuti munthu wamoyo angayimilidwe bwanji mumtundu watsopano wamakalata apakompyuta. Pa Seputembala 19, 1982, m'bwalo lamakambirano apakompyuta, wophunzira Scott E. Fahlman ananena kuti m'tsogolo chithunzichi chiyenera kuimiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo za ASCII posonyeza nthabwala kapena chilichonse choseketsa:

:-) - Wowerenga aganizire mbali ya ASCII.

:-( - Ndipo pa nkhani zosaseketsa ananenanso zosiyana.

Lingaliro la Fahlman lidapanga mafunde, zoyambira zidapangidwa ndipo mitundu ingapo yambiri idayenera kutsatira, nazi zitsanzo zochepa chabe:

- :- & amatanthauza "osalankhula"

- :-x amatanthauza "kupsopsona"

- :'-( amatanthauza "kulira"

- :-[ amatanthauza "vampire"

SEKANI

Kuchulukirachulukira, pateni yopanda phindu: Mawu oti "Kukweza mokweza" (kuseka mokweza) akusinthidwa ndi ma emojis mu maimelo ndi macheza ndipo akuchoka m'mafashoni.